Использована неинициализированная локальная переменная c как исправить

Имеется код:

Source.cpp

#include "Header.h"
int main() {
    srand(time(0));
    int n = 3;
    int m = 3;
    int maxi;
    int maxj;
    int** Mas ;
    int** Bufer ;
    initMemory(Mas , n, m);
    initMemory(Bufer ,n, m);
    Zapoln(Mas, n, m);
    cout << "Massive: " << endl;
    vyvod(Mas, n, m);
    Masscopy(Bufer, Mas, n, m);
    cout << "Copy of massive: " << endl;
    vyvod(Bufer , n, m);
    freeMemory(Mas, n);
    initMemory(Mas, n - 1, m - 1);
    int max = maxel(Bufer, n, m, maxi, maxj);
    cout << endl;
    cout << "Max element: " << "[" << maxi << "]" << "[" << maxj << "]" << "=" << max << endl;
    cout << endl;
    del(Bufer, maxi, maxj, n, m);
    vozvr(Mas, Bufer , n -1 , m -1);
    cout << "After massive: " << endl;
    vyvod(Mas, n - 1, m - 1);
    freeMemory(Bufer, n);
    delete[] Bufer;
    system("pause");
}

memory.cpp

#include "Header.h"
void initMemory(int **A, int n, int m) {
    A = new int *[n];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        A[i] = new int[m];
    }
}
void freeMemory(int **A, int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        delete[] A[i];
    }
}

Array_helper.cpp

#include "Header.h"
void vyvod(int **A, int n, int m) {
    for (int i = 0; i< n; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
        {
            cout << "mas[" << i << "]" << "[" << j << "]=" << setprecision(3) << *(*(A + i) + j) << " ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
}
void Zapoln(int **A, int n, int m) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
            *(*(A + i) + j) = rand() % 26 - rand() % 26;
        }
    }
}
void Masscopy(int** A, int** B, int n, int m) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
            *(*(A + i) + j) = *(*(B + i) + j);
        }
    }
}

void del(int **A, int  maxi, int maxj, int n, int m) {
    for (int i = maxi; i < n - 1; i++) {
        for (int j = maxj; j < m - 1; j++) {
            *(*(A + i) + j) = *(*(A + i + 1) + j + 1);
        }
    }
}

Logic.cpp

#include "Header.h"
void vozvr(int** A, int** B, int n, int m) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
            *(*(A + i) + j) = *(*(B + i) + j);
        }
    }
}
int maxel(int **A, int n, int m, int& maxi, int& maxj)
{
    int Max = A[0][0];
    maxi = maxj = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i< n; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j< m; j++)
            if (fabs(A[i][j]) > fabs(Max))
            {
                Max = fabs(*(*(A + i) + j));
                maxi = i;
                maxj = j;
            }
    return Max;
}

Однако при выполнении выдает ошибку:

• 1>d:загрузкиsource.cpp(10): error C4700: использована
  неинициализированная локальная переменная «Mas»
  1>d:загрузкиsource.cpp(11): error C4700: использована
  неинициализированная локальная переменная «Bufer»

В чём проблема?

В прогу вводится двоичное число, выводится десятичное

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {

	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "Russian");	// добавляет русский язык в консольное приложение

	
		int num, r, a, b = 0;
		cout << "Введите число в двоичной системе:  ";
		cin >> num;

		while (num != 0) {
			a = num % 10;
			if (b == 0)
				b = 1;
			if (b != 0)
				a *= b;
			r += a;
			b *= 2;
		}
		cout << "Число в десятичной системе = ", r;
	return 0;
}

Выводит ошибку: » Использована неинициализированная локальная переменная «r» «. Только для переменной «r». Для остальных переменных ошибок не показывает.

Перейти к контенту

// c4700.cpp
// compile by using: cl /EHsc /W4 c4700.cpp
#include <iostream>

// function takes an int reference to initialize
void initialize(int& i)
{
    i = 21;
}

int main()
{
    int s, t, u, v;   // Danger, uninitialized variables

    s = t + u + v;    // C4700: t, u, v used before initialization
    std::cout << "Value in s: " << s << std::endl;

    int w, x;         // Danger, uninitialized variables
    initialize(x);    // fix: call function to init x before use
    int y{10};        // fix: initialize y, z when declared
    int z{11};        // This C++11 syntax is recommended over int z = 11;

    w = x + y + z;    // Okay, all values initialized before use
    std::cout << "Value in w: " << w << std::endl;
}

Value in s: 37816963
Value in w: 42

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  #include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

void studentsTest(string fileName, char student_answers[], int response, int QUESTION_AMT);
void checkAnswers(char answers[], char student_answers[], int QUESTION_AMT, int MIN_CORRECT);



int main()
{
	int response;
	const int QUESTION_AMT = 20;
	const int MIN_CORRECT = 15;
	char answers[QUESTION_AMT] = { 'A', 'D', 'B', 'B', 'C', 'B', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'A', 'C', 'D', 'B', 'D', 'C', 'C', 'A', 'D', 'B' };
	char student_answers[QUESTION_AMT];


	string fileName;
	ofstream textOut;


	studentsTest(fileName, student_answers, response, QUESTION_AMT); /*I keep getting error C4700: uninitialized local variable 'responce' used*/

    checkAnswers( answers, student_answers, QUESTION_AMT, MIN_CORRECT);


	cout << endl << endl;
	system("pause");
	return (0);
}
void studentsTest(string fileName, char student_answers[], int response, int QUESTION_AMT)
{
	cout << "nPlease enter a name for your file>";
	getline(cin, fileName);

	ofstream textOut;
	textOut.open(fileName);

	for (int response = 0; response < QUESTION_AMT; response++)
	{
		cout << "Please enter your answers: " << (response + 1) << ": ";
		cin >> student_answers[response];

		while (student_answers[response] != 'A' && student_answers[response] != 'B' && student_answers[response] != 'C' && student_answers[response] != 'D')
		{
			cout << "nError! Answers must be in captial letters! ex: A, B, C";

			cout << "Please enter your answers: " << (response + 1) << ": ";
			cin >> student_answers[response];
		}
	}
	ifstream textIn;
	textIn.open(fileName);
	if (textIn.fail())
	{
		cout << "nText file not found...program will close";
		cout << endl << endl;
		system("pause");
	}
	textIn.close();
}
void checkAnswers(char answers[], char student_answers[], int QUESTION_AMT, int MIN_CORRECT)
{
	int correctAnswers = 0;

	for (int i = 0; i < QUESTION_AMT; i++)
	{
		if (answers[i] == student_answers[i])
			correctAnswers++;
	}
	cout << "nStudent must have at least 15 correct answers to pass.";
	if (correctAnswers >= MIN_CORRECT)
	{
		cout << "nYou passed the exam!";
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "nYou failed the exam!";
	}

	cout << "nThe following is the list of questions that are incorrect";
	for (int i = 0; i < QUESTION_AMT; i++)
	{
		if (answers[i] != student_answers[i])
			cout << "Question # " << i << " is incorrect! " << endl;
	}

	cout << "nCorrect Answers = " << correctAnswers << endl;
	cout << "nIncorrect Answers = " << QUESTION_AMT - correctAnswers << endl;
}